Plenary Perspective: The complexity of constitutive and inducible gene expression in mononuclear phagocytes

Abstract

2011 SLB Bonazinga Award Winner: Perspective on the impact of genome-scale technologies on our understanding of macrophage biology, and the evolution of innate immune cell function.Monocytes and macrophages differentiate from progenitor cells under the influence of colony-stimulating factors. Genome-scale data have enabled the identification of the set of genes that distinguishes macrophages from other cell types and the ways in which thousands of genes are regulated in response to pathogen challenge. Although there has been a focus on a small subset of lineage-enriched transcription factors, such as PU.1, more than one-half of the transcription factors in the genome can be expressed in macrophage lineage cells under some state of activation, and they interact in a complex network. The network architecture is conserved across species, but many of the target genes evolve rapidly and differ between mouse and human. The data and publication deluge related to macrophage biology require the development of new analytical tools and ways of presenting information in an accessible form. The website http://www.macrophages.com is a community website that partly fills this niche.