The Influence of psychology on sports performance: emotional and cognitive factors

Abstract

Psychology plays a crucial role in improving sports performance, integrating emotional and cognitive factors into athletes’ preparation. This article reviews several studies on psychological skills, competitive anxiety, motivation, the impact of stress, mental imagery and attentional styles, highlighting the importance of a holistic approach that combines physical and mental training. Recent research highlights that factors such as emotional control, resilience and self-confidence are determinants of performance, while practices such as structured psychological training programs and personalized interventions contribute to consistent results. However, the lack of empirical data and case studies limits the practical application of the proposed strategies, suggesting the need for further research. The conclusion emphasizes that mental health should be a priority for both athletes and coaches, with greater emphasis on the application of psychological techniques to cope with the competitiveness and pressure associated with sport.