Application of geospatial information systems (GIS) for assessment of the distribution of periodontal disease in Makassar City, South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia

Abstract

Addressing the presence of periodontal disease requires a high level of expertiseto detect the disease as well as effective communication to understand patients’ problems. Based on basic health data from 2018, the prevalence of this problem in Indonesia is approximately 74%. This study examined the distribution of periodontal conditions in March 2021 in Makassar City,the capital of South Sulawesi Province. To determine the distribution of periodontal disease, a questionnaire was used to find out the severity of this issue. A descriptive observational method, used with a cross-sectional designand aweb-based geospatial information system (GIS) application linked to ArcGIS, was conducted. The results showed thatout of the 15 districts in Makassar City, the island district of Sangkarranghadhad the highest presence of periodontal disease. Three other districts were classified as also e belonging to this low category, while 11 other ones exhibited a medium disease incidence score.