The Relationship of Perceptions, Subjective Norms, and Beliefs towards Immunization Vaccine Hesitancy in Children

Abstract

Refusal to vaccinate also occurs in Indonesia, primarily because people are reluctant to provide basic immunizations to their children. Some of these reasons need to be clarified about immunization information. This research aims to determine the relationship between perceptions, subjective norms, and beliefs regarding the hesitancy of childhood immunization vaccines. The research method used was analytical observational with a cross-sectional approach using the chi-square test. The population is mothers with children aged two years or who have passed the immunization schedule for children aged 2 years, numbering 13,052 people. The sampling method used cluster sampling using the sample size formula, according to Slovin, to obtain a sample size of 389 people. The results show a relationship between perception and hesitancy of children's immunization vaccines with a P-value = 0.003 (<0.05). There is a relationship between subjective norms and child immunization vaccine hesitancy with a P-value = 0.001 (<0.05). A relationship exists between confidence and hesitation about children's immunization vaccines with a P-value = 0.000 (<0.05). The conclusion is that there is a relationship between perception, subjective norms, and beliefs on the hesitancy of immunization vaccines in children.