A Comprehensive Review of Safety Tire Research

Abstract

In frequent traffic accidents, the issue of vehicle losing control due to tire blowouts is particularly critical. Once it occurs, it severely threatens the safety of life and property. Therefore, developing safety tires that meet public needs is of significant practical importance. This paper first reviews the evolutionary history of safety tires, classifying them by structural design and detailing the characteristics of run-flat tires (RFTs) and non-pneumatic tires (NPTs). It summarizes the key experimental characterization, numerical simulation and theoretical modeling methods that support their development, while also emphasizing the insufficiency in experimental verification. Next, the research advancements in materials and manufacturing processes for key components across these two tire categories are summarized. Subsequently, a review is provided on the mechanical characteristics of RFTs and NPTs. Finally, this paper discusses existing research gaps and future development directions for safety tires, emphasizing the importance of multi-disciplinary integration and sustainable design.