Tumor neuroendocrino en cérvix uterino: Reporte de caso

Abstract

Neuroendocrine tumors of the cervix are extremely rare. Women diagnosed with small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the cervix have a higher frequency of metastases in the lymph nodes, lymphovascular invasion, recurrence and worse prognosis compared to those with other types of cervical neoplasia. We report the case of a 58-year-old female, with a history of six years of postmenopausal irregular vaginal bleeding, in addition to symptoms related to chronic anemia. Gynecological examination showed a tumor of 4 cm that occupied the upper third of the vagina and protruded through the cervix initially diagnosed as an abortifacient myoma, and sent to histopathology study. 90[%] of the tumor was small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma grade III, and the remaining 10[%] was squamous cell carcinoma. The patient underwent into a radical hysterectomy plus bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, and bilateral pelvic and para-aortic lymphadenectomy. Histopathologic examination of the surgical specimen found endometrium and myometrium compromised by malignancy. Parametrium, annexes and lymph nodes were free of neoplasia. At microscopy, the result was a grade III neuroendocrine carcinoma (small cell carcinoma, infiltrating), with extensive lymphovascular emboli. The immune-histochemical study showed synaptophysin positive in areas with neuroendocrine differentiation.