Experimental hybridization between X0 and XY chromosome races in the grasshopper Podisma sapporensis (Orthoptera: Acrididae). II. Cytological analysis of embryos and adults of F1 and F2 generations

Abstract

Experimental hybridization of XO and XY chromosome races of the brachypterous grasshopper P. sapporensis did not reveal pre-zygotic reproductive isolation. However, a partial zygotic barrier was found between the XO-standard race from Shimokawa and XY-standard chromosome race from Akan. Approximately 40% of embryos from females crossed with males from other chromosome races developed parthenogenetically, the remaining embryos were normal heterozygotes. Adult F1 males and females from crosses of this type had property developed testes and ovaries. Non-sister associations and other irregularities in meiosis were not observed in male meiosis. Crossing experiments demonstrated that hybrids between XO and XY races occur to some extent. The absence of a hybrid zone between the XO and XY chromosome races may be the result of selection against heterozygotes. Crosses between the XY-Tanno and XO-standard (Teine) subraces resulted in F1 and F2 generations in spite of the many chromosome differences between them such as a X-A translocation and fixed pericentric inversions in four pairs of autosomes. These results do not support the hypothesis that chromosomal differences play a key role in restricting gene flow between the XO and XY races of P. sapporensis.