Recent Advancement of 2D Bi-Metallic Hydroxides with Various Strategical Modification for the Sustainable Hydrogen Production through Water Electrolysis

Abstract

The development of an effective and suitable electrocatalyst for hydrogen production through water splitting reaction is a matter of prime importance for the researcher owing to the complex mechanistic pathway present in both half-cell reactions. Also, minimizing the usage of noble metal-based electrocatalysts by utilizing low-cost, high earth-abundant transition metal-based electrocatalysts has have attracted the research community in to a large extent. In this regard, the bimetallic layered double hydroxides (LDHs) play a vital role to nullify the usage of high Ru, Ir, or Pt metal-based catalysts. Even though the LDHs are an excellent candidate for the anodic counterpart of the water splitting but their performance towards the cathodic part is not so fruitful owing to insufficient electroactive site. To remove these drawbacks several strategical modification techniques have been adopted and the effectiveness of that techniques have justified being very useful for large-scale application. As mentioned, various strategies are available such as i) creating a nano structure; ii) doping of foreign cation; iii) anion replacement and inter-space distance modification; v) vacancy creation. Hence, this review, eventually emphases how to overcome the matters faced with LDHs widely in terms of synthetic, exfoliation methods and numerous strategies developed in recent years in the field of electrocatalytic water splitting application.