Kinsbourne syndrome: Pediatrie clinical case

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Opsoclono-myoclonus syndrome or Kinsbourne syndrome is a rare neurological disorder in children, often associated with occult neuroblastoma. This can also be triggered by infections and is often associated with medium to long-term sequelae, the severity of which will depend on the delay in diagnosis and initiation of treatment. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a 22-month-old infant who presented with opsoclonus-myoclonus-ataxia. At first, the diagnosis of Enterovirus rhomboencephalitis was established and later of adrenal neuroblastoma. CONCLUSION: Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome represents a diagnostic challenge for pediatricians. The appearance of this paraneoplastic neurological syndrome requires the search for a hidden neuroblastoma to promptly treat a life-threatening event such as the tumor and to prevent the neurological sequelae related to this syndrome.