Analysis of Community Preparedness and Tsunami Evacuation Routes: A Case Study in Banda Aceh

Abstract

A well-structured evacuation system is essential for mitigating the impact of a tsunami disaster. Banda Aceh, a coastal area that suffered a devastating tsunami in 2004, faces significant challenges in enhancing community preparedness towards disasters. This study aims to better understand community preparedness in disaster-prone areas, focusing on factors that influence evacuation and analyzing existing evacuation routes. The research methodology includes field observations in the Syiah Kuala, Meuraxa, and Kuta Raja districts, as well as Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with approximately 30 participants. Field observations indicated that about 40.2% of evacuation signs need repair, and 14.2% of roads leading to evacuation routes are in poor condition. While some evacuation signs are well-positioned, the majority are not placed in optimal locations for public visibility. The focus group findings highlight that the primary barriers to community readiness are a lack of socialization about evacuation routes and early warning systems, as well as inadequate implementation of evacuation drills. The study's results highlight the need for infrastructure improvements and better road access to evacuation areas. Overall, this research contributes to the development of disaster mitigation strategies in coastal Indonesia, particularly in Banda Aceh.