Assessment of the quality of the urban environment using geographic information systems on the example of microdistricts of the city of Krasnodar

Abstract

Relevance. In connection with the active processes of urbanization and the rapid increase in the number of urban population, the requirements for the quality of the urban environment are also increasing, on which the comfort, working capacity and health of the population living in a given territory directly depend. A number of existing state programs aimed at the development of public spaces testify to the attention of the authorities to this issue. Thus, the article deals with the analysis of the quality of the urban environment of three microdistricts of the city of Krasnodar using spatial analysis technologies and geographic information systems. Aim. Calculation of indicators, measurement of the noise situation and the final index of the quality of the urban environment. Based on the results obtained, conduct a comparative analysis on the example of three microdistricts of different periods of development (1930–1940, 1970-1980 and 2010-2020). With the use of GIS, identify the strengths and weaknesses of each territory, caused by the architectural features of the design and construction period. The research methodology is based on indicators and the final index of the quality of the urban environment, according to the formulas approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation №. 510-r dated March 23, 2019, and adapted to the conditions of the study and the use of GIS. In the study, using the cartographic method, an analysis of noise pollution data and individual indicators of the quality of the urban environment was carried out. Results. For the first time, an analysis of spatially distributed microdistricts of various periods of construction was carried out. The architectural features of the influence of the type of building and the period of construction on individual indicators of the quality of the urban environment are revealed. Thus, the author’s methodology adapted for the use of GIS showed the effectiveness of calculating the quality of the urban environment for intracity development. The largest number of points in the urban environment quality index was scored by microdistrict. Gorgaz (156.1 points out of 220), which corresponds to a favorable level. Mkr. Komsomolsky and Moskovsky are in the moderate range of urban environment quality.