Strength Training Practices in Team Sports

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the practices used by coaches and strength and conditioning professionals in team sports for strength training. The primary goals of strength training in these sports are to improve performance and prevent injuries. In the following work, a narrative review of the different works that have explored strength training practices in team sports was carried out. The findings reveal that strength and conditioning professionals employ assessments to measure physical fitness, including body composition, muscular strength, and power. Evaluation methods include maximal dynamic strength tests, maximal propulsive power, reactive strength, and functional movement assessments. Additionally, strength training methods encompass variable resistance, ballistic training, plyometrics, complex training, Olympic lifts, pneumatic resistance, and eccentric overload. Regarding training sessions, variables such as frequency, volume, sets, and repetitions vary according to the stage of the season. Furthermore, fundamental exercises for lower and upper limbs are mentioned, along with monitoring methods and assessment of eccentric strength and strength-velocity-power profiles. In conclusion, the careful development of a strength training plan, taking into account various aspects such as methods, exercises, frequency, sets and monitored variables, is crucial for optimising the physical performance of athletes. However, there are differences between countries and sports in terms of recommended practices. This highlights the need for greater dissemination of knowledge and scientific evidence.