Role of Wildlife in The Transmission of Zoonotic Diseases in Ghana

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of the study was to investigate the role of wildlife in the transmission of zoonotic diseases. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low-cost advantage as compared to field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: This transmission often occurs at the interface between humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Factors like habitat destruction, increased human-wildlife interactions, and the wildlife trade have heightened the risk of zoonotic disease emergence. Understanding these dynamics is crucial for early detection and prevention of zoonotic outbreaks, as wildlife plays a pivotal role in the maintenance and amplification of these pathogens, posing ongoing challenges to global public health. Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: One Health Theory, Ecological Reservoir Theory and Behavioral Ecology Theory Change may be used to anchor future studies on the role of wildlife in the transmission of zoonotic diseases. Strategies enhanced surveillance and monitoring of wildlife populations, especially those in close proximity to human settlements, are crucial. Governments and international organizations should prioritize habitat conservation and the protection of biodiversity.