The Solar Power Efficiency to Control Hydro-Organics Intelligence Agriculture System in Greenhouse

Abstract

This research aimed to study the efficiency of solar power system in controlling hydro-organic smart farming system in closed greenhouse by developing an off-grid system consisting of 450 W solar panel, MPPT charge controller, 500 W Pure Sine Wave inverter and 2150 Ah Deep Cycle batteries in series as 24 V system to supply power to automatic control devices, including temperature, humidity, pH sensor and water pump in NFT (Nutrient Film Technique) hydroponic system using organic nutrient solution. The test result between 08:00–17:00 or 30 days found that the system can produce a maximum of 288.73 W of electricity at a light intensity of 99,574 lux during noon (13:00) with an average energy conversion efficiency of 85%–95% and can significantly reduce the energy consumption from the grid, which is suitable for small-scale farmers. This study shows that integrating solar power with hydro-organic smart farming system not only increases the efficiency of quality vegetable production in closed system but also reduces energy cost and is environmentally friendly. Especially in remote areas where electricity is scarce, this research has the potential to support sustainable precision agriculture in line with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It highlights the potential for eco-friendly farming systems powered by renewable energy for future agricultural development.