Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on CD150/SLAM for the detection of Peste des Petits ruminant virus

Abstract

Peste des petits ruminant (PPR) is an economically important severe viral disease of small ruminants that affects primarily the respiratory and digestive tract. Specific detection of the PPR virus (PPRV) antigen plays an important role in the disease control and eradication program. In this study, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the recombinant goat signaling lymphocyte activation molecule (SLAM) as the capture ligand was successfully developed for the detection of the PPRV antigen (PPRV SLAM-iELISA). The assay was highly specific for PPRV with no cross-reactions among foot and mouth disease virus, Orf virus, sheep pox virus, and goat pox virus and had a sensitivity with a detection limit of 1.56 × 101 TCID50/reaction (50 μl). Assessment of 136 samples showed that the developed PPRV SLAM-iELISA was well correlated with real-time RT-qPCR assays and commercially available sandwich ELISA for detection of PPRV and showed relative sensitivity and specificity of 93.75 and 100.83%, respectively. These results suggest that the developed PPRV SLAM-iELISA is suitable for specific detection of the PPRV antigen. This study demonstrated for the first time that the goat SLAM, the cellular receptor for PPRV, can be used for the development of a diagnostic method for the detection of PPRV.