Cytokine expression in gingival crevicular fluid around teeth opposing dental implants and 3-unit fixed partial dentures in a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to study the cytokines in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of the teeth opposing to dental implants and 3-unit fixed partial dentures (FPDs). Materials and methods: A total of 74 participants were recruited for this cross-sectional study. Based on the status of lower first molars, the participants were divided into dental implants group and 3-unit FPDs group. Social index and oral hygiene were recorded. Occlusal loading was evaluated with a T-scan. GCF was sampled from the upper first molar and assessed with a commercial cytokine assay kit. Results: Forty three dental implants patients and 31 3-unit FPDs patients received all of the clinical and laboratory evaluation. The dental implants group had a higher occlusion force distribution on first molars region. IL-10, IL-17, RANK had a higher mean in dental implants group and was associated with occlusion force of first molar. There was a weakly association between IL-10 and dental implants in the binary logistic regression analyses. Conclusions: In this study, the teeth opposing implants have a higher level of cytokines in the GCF than teeth opposing to 3-unit FPDs in periodontal healthy participants because of the poor osseoperception of dental implants. IL-10 might reflect a higher occlusion force in dental implants region. Clinical relevance: This study provided that different tooth restoration methods could influence the periodontal status of the contact teeth.