Antifungal activity and physico-chemical surface properties of the momentaneously exposed Penicillium expansum spores to carvacrol

Abstract

Objective: In this study, the antifungal activities, the minimum inhibitory (MIC) and fungicidal (MFC) concentrations, of carvacrol were determined vis-a-vis the growth of Penicillium expansum spore. Methodology: In addition, the surface properties of spores of the studied strain were also investigated in terms of hydrophobicity-hydrophilicity and electrons donor-acceptor properties by the contact angle method. Results: Thus, the obtained results allowed at first, to find a strong sensitivity of these spores relative to the studied essential oil component through a very low MIC and MFC. Moreover, the untreated spores of P. expansum exhibited hydrophilic characteristics both qualitatively and quantitatively with very pronounced electron donor properties. The momentaneous exposure of the spores to the carvacrol molecule has led to strengthening of the hydrophilic character of the spores surface with almost monopolar basic properties over treatment time. Conclusion: Although, the mode of action, by which the essential oil components inhibit the growth of microorganisms, is poorly defined in the scientific literature, this study contributes to elucidate the impact of these molecules and especially the carvacrol, on the surface properties of fungal spores. These physicochemical properties govern the approach and adhesion of microorganisms in biofilm formation on materials.