How old is old for implant therapy in terms of implant survival and marginal bone levels after 5–11 years?

Abstract

Aim: To evaluate implant survival and marginal bone levels (MBLevel) at least 5 years after implant installation in patients ≥65 years old. Methods: Patient records were screened retrospectively for the following inclusion criteria: (1) ≥65 years of age at the time of implant installation, and (2) ≥5-year radiographic follow-up or registered implant loss. Association between patient- and implant-related data with radiographically assessed data [i.e. implant survival, mean MBLevel (i.e. average of mesial and distal level) and maximum marginal bone loss (i.e. either mesial or distal loss; maximum MBLoss)] were statistically evaluated by mixed effects multi-level regression models. Results: Two-hundred-eighteen implants in 74 patients were included with a mean follow-up of 6.2 years (range: 5 to 10.7 years); four early and six late implant losses have been registered (implant survival rate: 95.4%). Mean MBLevel and maximum MBLoss was 1.24 ± 0.9 mm and 1.48 ± 1.0 mm, respectively. Maximum MBLoss < 2 mm, 2 to 5 mm and ≥5 mm was found in 70.7, 28.8 and 0.5% of the implants, respectively. For both, mean MBLevel and maximum MBLoss, age presented a slightly protective effect (mean MBLevel: Coef. −0.041, p =.016; maximum MBLoss: Coef. −0.045, p =.014). Conclusion: The high implant survival rate (95.4%), low mean MBLevel (1.24 mm) and low frequency of maximum MBLoss ≥ 5 mm (0.5%) observed herein after 5 to 11 years follow-up suggest that older age should not be considered as a limiting factor for implant treatment.