Seasonal comparison of vavoua, biconical and NGU traps for monitoring of Glossina (Diptera: Glossinidae) and Tabanids (Diptera: Tabanidae) in The Gambia

Abstract

This work shows the effective trapping method used in catching Glossinidae and Tabanidae species and their distribution in The Gambia. One hundred and eight-six traps were used in this study comprising of 62 Biconical traps, 62 NGU traps and 62 Vavoua traps for 50 trapping days. These traps were baited with at least 4 months old cow urine and acetone and they were deployed at a distance of 100 m apart. A total number of 517 flies belonging to the genus Tabanidae and Glossinidae were captured. This included: Atylotus. agrestis (55%), Tabanus sourcouf (0.4%), Tabanus par (1.2%) and T. taeniatus (1.4%), Glossina morsitan submorsitan (26%) and Glossina palpalis gambiensis (16%). However, Atylotus agrestis and Glossina palpalis gambiensis were the species that were mostly caught in this study. The present study also shows that, Lower River Region was the region with the highest number of Tabanidae species caught (85 catches, mean=20.7 and SD=16.76) while Central River Region-North also had the highest catch of Glossinidae species (52 catches, Mean= 14 and Sd=6.98). Late rainy season (October 2020) and late dry season (April 2020) were the seasons in which the highest number of Tabanidae and Glossinidae species were caught respectively. This study clearly demonstrated that, Biconical trap is the most effective trap that can be used to control the population of both Glossinidae and Tabanidae species in The Gambia.