Aortic valve replacement in over 70-and over 80-year olds: 5-year cohort study

Abstract

Background: Demand for aortic valve intervention remains high, and together with the recent introduction of transcatheter aortic valve implantation, this motivates a review of surgical aortic valve replacement in elderly recipients. Methods: Consecutive patients over 70 years of age having isolated aortic valve replacement during 2007-11 were retrospectively identified and divided into 70-79 and ≥80 years age groups for analyses. Results: 62 octogenarians and 121 septuagenarians were eligible. Among octogenarians, a lower proportion were in Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina class 3-4 (3.2% vs. 14.0%, p=0.022) and fewer had diabetes (11.3% vs. 24.8%, p=0.034), but a higher proportion had infective endocarditis (6.5% vs. 0%, p=0.012), and EuroSCORE II was higher (4.9% vs. 3.7%, p<0.001). Despite this, operative mortality was lower in octogenarians (0% vs. 7.4%, p=0.029), although hospital stay (11.7 vs. 8.9 days, p=0.026) was longer. One-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 95.2%, 90.1%, and 75.3% for octogenarians and 89.2%, 81.7%, and 70.2% for septuagenarians (p=0.398). Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina class 3-4 and the presence of other valvular stenosis or regurgitation were independent predictors of mortality. Conclusion: Octogenarians had lower operative mortality despite a higher predicted risk preoperatively. Other factors beyond age and EuroSCORE, such as frailty, may be important in deciding whether elderly patients should undergo aortic valve replacement. © The Author(s) 2013.