Transumanismo e o futuro (pós-)humano

Abstract

Transhumanism is a controversial perspective of the investment in transformation of the human condition. Targeting at biotechnological human nature enhancement, it emerges as one of the protagonists in the debate about the (post)human future. At the base transhumanist conception is the investment on the biotechnoscience as a humanistic iluminism of biological roots. This paper aims to analyze the debate about the future of humanity. To this end, we present the transhumanist perspective, highlighting definitions, characteristics, values, and main arguments, analyzing the concept of human nature, for it is fundamental in the polarized discussion between the transhumanists and bioconservatives. Our main conclusions indicate the impertinence of the polarization, as well as the use of the concept of human nature and post-human to clarify the theme of human enhancement. Thus, we must depolarize the debate and bet optimistically and prudently in the biotechnological future.