Resistances, difficulties and fears. An approach to understanding the causes of persistent digital divides

Abstract

Introduction: This article examines the persistent digital divides among populations at risk of social exclusion, focusing on the socioeconomic, cultural, and behavioural factors perpetuating this gap. Methodology: The findings presented in this article are derived from the research project entitled "Digital Inclusion in Development Zones: Needs, Practices, and Strategies." The study was conducted in urban areas designated as "disadvantaged zones" in four cities of Andalusia, Spain. A total of 38 open interviews were conducted with experts, residents, and professionals from public administration and the third sector. Results: The persistence of digital skills gaps can be attributed to a lack of economic and educational resources, as well as negative attitudes towards technological tools. A number of factors impede digital integration, including limited access to devices, time constraints, inadequate training, literacy challenges, language barriers, and a reluctance to embrace digital change and a lack of self-confidence. Discussions: To address these disparities, it is essential to promote regular practice of digital competencies, as skills improve with repeated exposure and familiarity with processes. Furthermore, it is vital to challenge stereotypes about lack of interest or self-control in disadvantaged communities and to foster creativity to optimise technology access and usage processes.