Role of the cat-human bond in supporting the tutors' mental health

Abstract

Historically, domestic cats had different roles in societies based on different beliefs, which have shaped their relationships with humans over the years. Although these animals have conquered their space in modern society as companion animals, little is known about the species' inherent behaviours and preferences. Our main goal is to present an integrative literature review to understand the psychosomatic effects of the coexistence between humans and the domestic cat (Felis catus) in the communal space, especially considering mental health as a critical survival component. The study analysed feline behaviour, cognitive capacity, the establishment of emotional bonds with tutors, and the influence of this relationship on family composition. The results demonstrated the cat’s ability in communicating, understand the surrounding environment, and develop unique cat-human bounds. Despite the perception concerning the cat’s preference for solitude, domestic cats seek animal or human companionship out of necessity or affinity. Our results showed that this bond, initially seen as practical, led to a human-cat emotional rapprochement that can improve human mental well-being and become relief from social isolation demanded by the COVID-19 pandemic. The subtle feline communication through sensory characteristics such as caressing fur and the sound of a cat purring reinforces the benefits of inquiring and understanding mutual communication. Although it does not represent a medical treatment and should not be used for this purpose, their company is positive, appreciated, and related to the increase of happiness or decrease of the anxiety, improving human well-being.