The monotypic genus Carlastyanax Géry was defined to include Astyanax aurocaudatus, a morphologically odd species having, among other features, four teeth in the posterior premaxillary row and eight branched dorsal-fin rays. Later on, the characters used to define Carlastyanax were considered as invalid and this genus was synonymized with Astyanax. In this paper, we include Astyanax aurocaudatus in a phylogeny of the Characidae and obtain a sister-group relationship between this species and Creagrutus, within the Stevardiinae. The resurrection of Carlastyanax as a valid genus is therefore proposed. The analysis presented is the largest phylogeny of the Stevardiinae so far published. Relationships of this subfamily are also discussed. © 2013 Sociedade Brasileira de Ictiologia.
CITATION STYLE
Mirande, J. M., Jerep, F. C., & Vanegas-Ríos, J. A. (2013). Phylogenetic relationships of the enigmatic carlastyanax aurocaudatus (Eigenmann) with remarks on the phylogeny of the stevardiinae (Teleostei: Characidae). Neotropical Ichthyology, 11(4), 747–766. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1679-62252013000400003
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