The role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ on the inflammatory basis of metabolic disease

Abstract

The pathophysiology underlying several metabolic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and atherosclerosis, involves a state of chronic low-level inflammation. Evidence is now emerging that the nuclear receptor Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor (PPAR) / δ ameliorates these pathologies partly through its anti-inflammatory effects. PPAR / δ activation prevents the production of inflammatory cytokines by adipocytes, and it is involved in the acquisition of the anti-inflammatory phenotype of macrophages infiltrated in adipose tissue. Furthermore, PPAR / δ ligands prevent fatty acid-induced inflammation in skeletal muscle cells, avoid the development of cardiac hypertrophy, and suppress macrophage-derived inflammation in atherosclerosis. These data are promising and suggest that PPAR / δ ligands may become a therapeutic option for preventing the inflammatory basis of metabolic diseases. Copyright © 2010 Teresa Coll et al.