Ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop for analiysis of propineb in water and food samples: Experimental modeling

Abstract

Here, a fast and simple ultrasound-assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic drop using deep eutectic solvent (UA-DLLME–SFO–DES) procedure was optimized for the extraction of propineb from water and food samples prior to analysis by UV-VIS spectrophotometer. In this research, the extraction step was carried out by using DESs as the extraction solvent. The optimization of the significant variables of the UA-DLLME–SFO–DES procedure was carried out by multivariate statistical method. After multivariate optimization, linearity range was observed from 20 to 450 ng mL−1. The detection limit, preconcentration factor, and enhancement factor were estimated as 6.1 ng mL−1, 120, and 93, respectively. The calibration curve of the UA-DLLME–SFO–DES procedure was estimated at A = 0.0074–0.015 [propineb, ng mL−1]. Intra- and inter-day precisions were ≤1.9% and ≤2.8%, respectively. Recoveries between 90.4% and 98.6% indicated the absence of matrix effects, indicating that the UA-DLLME–SFO–DES procedure was suitable for the extraction and determination of propineb in water and food samples. The UA-DLLME–SFO–DES procedure was an efficient, simple, and cheap alternative to other extraction and determination techniques, and can be used for routine monitoring of propineb in complex matrices.