Psychosocial and caregiving challenges of mothers of children with disabilities in Iran: a qualitative study

Abstract

Introduction: Mothers of children with disabilities (CWD) face multiple psychological, social, and caregiving challenges that can negatively affect their mental health and quality of life. This study aims to explore the psychological, social, and caregiving challenges experienced by mothers of CWD in Iran. Methods: A qualitative approach using Graneheim and Lundman’s conventional content analysis was employed to systematically analyze participants’ experiences and extract meaningful categories. Twenty-six mothers of children with cognitive or functional disabilities, fluent in Persian and willing to participate, were purposefully selected and interviewed through semi-structured interviews at Modarres Hospital, Saveh, Iran. Findings: Analysis revealed four main categories of challenges: silent burnout, self-neglect in the path of motherhood, placement on the island of helplessness, and the uncertain path of treatment. These reflect psychological strain, social isolation, multiple responsibilities, and difficulties navigating treatment services. Conclusion: Mothers of CWD in Iran face significant psychological, social, and caregiving burdens, including anxiety, depression, role conflict, weak social support, and difficulties accessing treatment services, which can lead to reduced quality of life and burnout. Interventions focusing on strengthening social support, facilitating access to care, and providing counseling and stress-management strategies are essential to alleviate these burdens.