A Comprehensive Review on Ethnomedicinal Utilization of Gymnosperms in Turkey

Abstract

Turkey has 40 gymnosperm taxa belonging to 4 families. The ethnomedicinal data of gymnosperms in Turkey was evaluated in this study. Thirty nine ethnobotanical and traditional medicinal published materials which were carried out in different areas of Turkey used in this study. 20 plant taxa belonging to 4 families have been detected from 40 published literature. 20 taxa have recorded for 98 kinds of ethnomedicinal usages and 6 taxa have recorded for ethnoveterinary usages. Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus was the most common ethnomedicinal plant taxa in Turkey, recorded for 43 different ailments. The others are Pinus brutia, J. drupacea and P. nigra subsp. pallasiana. Gymnosperms have been generally used as herbal remedies for the treatment of vulnerary, asthma, bronchitis, ulcer, antiseptic, stomach ache, tuberculosis, gastrointestinal disorders, skin disorders, stomachic, abscess, antirheumatic, cough and diabetes.