The Correlation Between Pregnant Women Knowledge Level, Perception, and Compliance With Ferrous Fumarate Tablet Consumption in a Primary Health Care Institution

Abstract

Anemia in pregnancy is one of the causes of death in pregnant women. Approximately, 41.8% of anemia cases occurred in pregnant women, with the highest prevalence rate of 61.3% in the African region and 52.5% in the Asian region. WHO states that 58% of anemia in pregnancy is caused by iron deficiency. The Public Health Office has promoted a program to treat anemia in pregnant women by providing iron supplements containing iron and folic acid. However, non-compliance in the consumption of these supplements is still a problem among pregnant women patients. This study aimed to determine the correlation between level of knowledge, perception, and compliance of pregnant women in consuming ferrous fumarate tablets in the Public Health Center (Puskesmas) Jetis 1, Bantul, Yogyakarta. This study used an analytic observational method with a cross sectional approach. The sample was selected using the consecutive sampling technique. Sixty respondents were recruited based on inclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria were pregnant women who had their pregnancy checked at Puskesmas Jetis 1 Bantul Yogyakarta, aged between 16-45 years, received ferrous fumarate supplements, were not deaf and not illiterate, and were cooperative. The data obtained from the questionnaire were analyzed univariately using the frequency distribution (proportion) test and bivariately using the Chi-Square test. The results of the analysis showed that 43 (71.7%) respondents had a good level of knowledge, 29 (48.3%) respondents had a positive perception, and 39 (65.0%) respondents complied with the ferrous fumarate consumption. The correlation between knowledge level and compliance with ferrous fumarate consumption showed p = 0.002; OR = 6.05; CI = 95% (1.79-20.51). The correlation between perception and compliance with ferrous fumarate consumption showed p = 0.935; OR = 1.05; CI = 95% (0.36-3.02). In conclusion, the results of this study indicated that there was a significant correlation between the respondents' level of knowledge and level of compliance with ferrous fumarate tablet consumption.