PRODUCTIVIDAD LABORAL EN LAS MIPYMES DE MÉXICO: LECCIONES POSPANDEMIA

Abstract

This article analyzes the determinants of labor productivity in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises in Mexico (MSMEs), with the aim of bringing key variables to the attention of economic policy to compensate for the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Panel data estimates are used for the federal entities of the Mexican economy. The main empirical finding is that the most important determinant of the product per worker of MSMEs is the gross formation of fixed capital per worker and its effect increases along with the size of the company. The distribution of profits, benefits and salaries per worker has a less important effect and loses relevance as the size of the companies increases.El artículo analiza los determinantes de la productividad laboral en las micro, pequeñas y medianas empresas en México (MIPyMES), con el objetivo de poner en la mira de la política económica las variables clave para resarcir los efectos negativos de la pandemia de COVID-19. Utilizando estimaciones de panel de datos para las entidades federativas de la economía mexicana, el principal resultado es que el determinante de mayor importancia del producto por trabajador de las MIPyMES es la formación bruta de capital fijo por trabajador y que su efecto aumenta junto con el tamaño de la empresa. En contraste, el reparto de utilidades, las prestaciones y los salarios por trabajador, tienen un efecto menos importante y pierden relevancia a medida que el tamaño de las empresas se incrementa. LABOR PRODUCTIVITY IN MSMES IN MEXICO: POST-PANDEMIC LESSONS ABSTRACT This article analyzes the determinants of labor productivity in micro, small and medium-sized enterprises in Mexico (MSMEs), with the aim of bringing key variables to the attention of economic policy to compensate for the negative effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. Panel data estimates are used for the federal entities of the Mexican economy. The main empirical finding is that the most important determinant of the product per worker of MSMEs is the gross formation of fixed capital per worker and its effect increases along with the size of the company. The distribution of profits, benefits and salaries per worker has a less important effect and loses relevance as the size of the companies increases.