Development and Validation of an Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Patient Education Material for Ostomy Patients: A Methodological Study

Abstract

Aim: To develop and test the validity of an artificial intelligence–assisted patient education material for ostomy patients. Design: A methodological study. Methods: The study was carried out in two main stages and five steps: (1) determining the information needs of ostomy patients, (2) creating educational content, (3) converting the educational content into patient education material, (4) validation of patient education material based on expert review and (5) measuring the readability of the patient education material. We used ChatGPT 4.0 to determine the information needs and create patient education material content, and Publuu Online Flipbook Maker was used to convert the educational content into patient education material. Understandability and applicability scores were assessed using the Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool submitted to 10 expert reviews. The tool inter-rater reliability was determined via the intraclass correlation coefficient. Readability was analysed using the Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level, Gunning Fog Index and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook formula. Results: The mean Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool understandability score of the patient education material was 81.91%, and the mean Patient Education Materials Assessment Tool actionability score was 85.33%. The scores for the readability indicators were calculated to be Flesch–Kincaid Grade Level: 8.53, Gunning Fog: 10.9 and Simple Measure of Gobbledygook: 7.99. Conclusions: The AI-assisted patient education material for ostomy patients provided accurate information with understandable and actionable responses to patients, but is at a high reading level for patients. Implications for the Profession and Patient Care: Artificial intelligence–assisted patient education materials can significantly increase patient information rates in the health system regarding ease of practice. Artificial intelligence is currently not an option for creating patient education material, and their impact on the patient is not fully known. Reporting Method: The study followed the STROBE checklist guidelines. Patient or Public Contribution: No patient or public contributions.