Gut Microbiota—Campylobacter jejuni Crosstalk in Broiler Chickens: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

The interaction between gut microbiota and C. jejuni in the guts of broiler chickens is essential for the bacterium’s growth and potential pathogenicity. Recent findings highlighted the significance of modifying gut microbiota in relation to higher C. jejuni colonization rates and improved immune responses. This study suggested that a varied and balanced microbiota aids in decreasing and preventing C. jejuni proliferation via mechanisms including competitive exclusion, the synthesis of antimicrobial peptides, and the modulation of the chicken immune response. C. jejuni demonstrates adaptability in the gut environment by encouraging the growth of beneficial bacteria while inhibiting others, improving the way it acquires nutrients, and modifying the transcriptional response of its virulence factors. The dynamic nature of these microbiota communities has caused differences in the results of how gut microbiota and C. jejuni proliferation interact. Understanding the relationships between gut microbiota and C. jejuni is critical for developing strategies to mitigate the impact of C. jejuni in broiler chickens. This review compiles information on the relationships between gut microbiota and C. jejuni proliferation in broiler chickens and offers commentary on how the findings could improve gut health and food safety.