Frequency and Antimicrobials Susceptibility Pattern of Staphylococcus aureus Associated with Wound Infections in Surgery Department, Wad Madani Teaching Hospital, Sudan

Abstract

Background: Most community and hospital acquired infections are due to Staphylococcus aureus, these infections involve both local suppurative and systemic conditions. There is an increase in the incidence rates of acquiring resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus in hospitals and community in Sudan. This study aims to detect frequency of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from surgical-sites infections (SSIs) and traumatic wounds, and to determine susceptibility to commonly used drugs. Methods: Prospective cross-sectional laboratory based study was followed, 250 patients admitted to Surgery Departments at Wad Madani Teaching Hospitals during 2019 and 2020 were recruited; with clinical manifestation of SSIs and or/traumatic wounds. Swab sample was taken from each participant and incubated aerobically on mannitol salt agar. Biochemical tests and 16rRNA gene used for Staphylococcus aureus identification. Antimicrobial susceptibility was accomplished using Kirby Bauer disc diffusion technique. Results: Infection rate of wounds in males and females equal 71% (17/250) and 29% (73/250), while infection rate in the age group of 41 to 60 years was the highest with percentage of 49% (122/250). Staphylococcus aureus constituting 76% (181/238) as predominant isolates. SSIs isolates of Staphylococcus aureus were highly resistant to tested antimicrobials. Meropeneme was the drug of choice with sensitivity of 88% and 100% for SSIs and traumatic wounds isolates respectively. Conclusion: In hospitals and community Staphylococcus aureus remain the most common cause of wounds infections. The high resistance to used drugs shown by Staphylococcus aureus in this study requires an assessment of the current situation and finding of more effective anti-staphylococcals.