“It’s not just about football”: experiences of children with cerebral palsy and their parents with frame football

Abstract

Purpose: To explore the experiences of children with cerebral palsy (CP) and their parents participating in Frame Football, an adapted sport designed for individuals with walking limitations. Materials and Methods: A qualitative phenomenological approach was employed, involving semi-structured interviews with eight children (aged 9–16 years, GMFCS Levels II–IV) and ten parents. Data was analyzed using the Framework Method, with coding structured around the F-words for Child Development (Function, Family, Fitness, Fun, Friends, and Future). Results: Interpretive analysis revealed three overarching themes: (1) Redefining Ability through Adapted Play—assistive devices were reimagined as enabling tools, supporting motor function and participation; (2) Belonging through Shared Experience—participants described emotional safety and social connection through shared challenges and teamwork; and (3) Claiming Identity as a Football Player—children embraced athletic roles, building confidence and pride through symbolic and embodied participation in the sport. These experiences spanned multiple F-words domains and highlighted the program’s social and emotional significance. Conclusions: Frame Football offers a meaningful, inclusive context in which children with CP can engage physically, connect socially, and develop positive self-identities. These findings underscore the potential of adapted sports to promote participation, reframe perceptions of ability, and support holistic development within pediatric rehabilitation.