Application of an OFA strategy to ERAS in a 102-year-old patient undergoing colon cancer surgery: A case report

Abstract

Rationale: Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Opioid-free anesthesia (OFA) is an opioid-sparing technique that focuses on multimodal or balanced analgesia, relying on non-opioid adjuncts and regional anesthesia. Enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocols, often under the auspices of a perioperative pain service, can help guide and promote opioid reduced and OFA, without negatively impacting perioperative pain management or recovery. Ultrasound-guided regional nerve block is currently a good option for OFA due to anesthesiologists' mastery of ultrasound techniques. The safety of the OFA strategy for quadratus lumborum block (QLB) + transversus abdominis plane block (TAP) in the super-elderly patients has not been reported and remains unclear. We report a case of OFA anesthesia in a super-elderly patient with colon cancer. Patient concerns: A 102-year-old female was admitted to the hospital due to "abdominal pain for a week"and received conservative treatment for more than 20 days, with poor results. Diagnoses: The patient was diagnosed with colorectal cancer associated with bronchiectasis and infection, multiple nodules in the right lower lung, and sinus arrhythmia. Interventions: As the patient was a super-elderly patient with multiple diseases, we used an OFA strategy with general anesthesia combined with QLB and TAP. Outcomes: The patient awakened quickly and completely after surgery, and extubation was successful 2 min after surgery without anesthesia complications, which is in line with the concept of ERAS. Lessons: The OFA strategies of ultrasound guidance quadratus lumborum block (Ul-QLB) and ultrasound guidance transversus abdominis plane block (Ul-TAP) may be safe and effective for ERAS in super-elderly patients with colorectal cancer surgery.