A BLE based turnkey indoor positioning system for mobility assessment in aging-in-place settings

Abstract

Indoor positioning systems (IPS) can be used to measure mobility at home, which is an important indicator for health and wellbeing. In this work, we designed and developed a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) based IPS that identifies individual users; does not require floorplans; and allows the end-users to perform on-site install/setup. Additionally, a dynamic calibration process is implemented to learn room boundaries based on the distribution of the BLE signal strength. The functionality and performance of IPS system were validated in two residential home settings. Raw and filtered relative signal strength indicators (RSSI) and variability of RSSI were measured during testing. Room detection was determined by comparing a user input location (ground truth) with the IPS detected location for over 300 positions. The IPS produced a 96% accuracy of correctly detecting room location when using RSSI and the additional motion sensors. The use of PIR motion and ultrasonic sensors information provided improved validity when compared with existing indoor positioning systems. The ease of use and modular design of this IPS makes it a good choice for implementation in larger scale smart healthcare monitoring systems.