Exclusion and inclusion processes in Mathematics classrooms: Reflections on difference, normality and cultural issues within three different contexts

Abstract

The Education for All proposal is an international document substantiating some approved national laws aimed at providing high-quality education for all: peasants, quilombolas, indigenous, landless individuals, women, people with disabilities, among others. However, when it comes to inclusion and School Mathematics, regardless of all advances in the Mathematical Education field, this subject remains formally introduced and taught, it still disregards the concept of teaching all, since it is inaccessible to most students. The aim of the current article is to reason on cultural, normality and difference issues, as well as on practices observed in the School Mathematics that contribute to promote exclusion in school environment. It was done by problematizing three contexts: Special, Afro-Brazilian and Indigenous education, and its inherent inclusion advances and challenges.