Prevalence of renal artery stenosis in patients undergoing coronary angiogram

Abstract

During the period of January to December 1998, nonselective renal angiogram was performed randomly in 100 selected patients who underwent coronary angiography for known or suspected coronary artery disease (CAD). The mean age of the population was 50.33±8.79 years and the male-female ratio were 6.7:1. Angiographically significant CAD (≥50% diameter stenosis) was present in 86 (86%) patients and renal artery stenosis (RAS) in 25 (25%) cases. The later was insignificant in 10 (40%) cases and significant in 15 (60%) cases. Unilateral RAS was present in 20 (80%) cases and bilateral in 5 (20%) cases. Of the 14 patients with normal coronary artery, none had RAS and among the 86 patients with CAD 25 (29.1%) had RAS. In another way, all 25 (100%) cases with RAS had concomitant CAD. Of the patients with RAS 15.2% were less than 50 years old and the remaining were ≥50 years old; 22 patients were male and 3 patients were female. Body mass index (BMI) was <25 kg/m2 in 16 (31.4%) and ≥ 25kg/m2 in 9 (25.7%) cases. Among the CAD risk factors, hypertension was present in 21 (56.8%), diabetes mellitus in 18 (41.8%), positive family history of CAD in 12 (40%), smoking habit in 18 (40.9%) and hypercholesterolaemia in 23 (63.9%) cases. The results of the study reveal that the overall prevalence of RAS among patients undergoing CAG is 25% and all patients (100%) with RAS may have CAD.