Forest biodiversity of Georgia and endangered plant species

Abstract

Biodiversity is the contraction of the phrase “biological diversity” and refers to the variability of life within a species, an ecosystem, a region and across the planet. Georgia is distinguished by its biodiversity, about 400 trees and bushes of various species grow in forests of different climatic zones, from humid-subtropical to temperate, sub-alpine and alpine zones. Local temperature and edaphic factors of each zone, such as soil moisture and depth, are all of importance in determining the composition of vegetation and ecological biodiversity that leads to the establishment of different sub-communities. These and other questions concerning biodiversity of forests of Georgia and the threat of extinction of some species are discussed in the article.