Diagnosis of cerebral palsy

Abstract

Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a spectrum of motor disorders secondary to a non-progressive abnormality in the developing brain. This chapter reviews cerebral palsy's history, definition, etiologic and individualized evaluation, functional classification, co-existent conditions, and classic clinical "syndromes. " A section on early diagnosis of cerebral palsy presents guidelines on diagnosing infants with early risk factors using neuroimaging and validated clinical instruments. An approach to understanding the individual person with cerebral palsy, and cerebral palsy's inherent heterogeneity are highlighted. The diagnostic process is iterative and follows the child's growth, development, and learning over time. The ultimate significance of a cerebral palsy diagnosis is its therapeutic value and the opportunity to modify the child's developmental trajectory.