Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Core Stability Training on 50-Meter Freestyle Performance in Men and Women

Abstract

Introduction. Core stability training (CST) has gained increasing relevance in sports due to its potential to enhance athletic performance and reduce injury risk, particularly in swimming. The 50-meter freestyle is a key performance test in swimming, and understanding the impact of CST on this specific event is essential for optimizing training programs. Objective. This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of CST on the performance of male and female swimmers in the 50-meter freestyle. Methods. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, Bireme, Scopus, and Web of Science (WOS), adhering to the Cochrane Handbook guidelines. Risk of bias was evaluated using the ROB2 scale, while the quality of the studies was assessed with the SIGN and CONSORT checklists. Data were analyzed using a fixed-effects meta-analysis in RevMan-Web, and heterogeneity was assessed using the I² and x² tests. Results. Out of 2,323 records identified, 7 studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed that CST significantly improved 50-meter freestyle performance, with a time reduction of-1.06 seconds (95% CI =-1.52,-0.60) in male swimmers and-3.28 seconds (95% CI =-4.57,-1.99) in female swimmers. Conclusion. CST was found to be effective in enhancing performance in the 50-meter freestyle, particularly in female swimmers. These findings support the use of CST as a valuable training strategy for sports scientists and coaches aiming to improve swimming performance.