Quantitative balance, qualitative dissonance? Multisource Telegram use in Russo-Ukrainian war news

Abstract

This study examines the use of Telegram in coverage of the Russo-Ukrainian war through a content and image analysis of 100 news articles sourced from Google News. When cited, Telegram was cited frequently, appearing on average more than three times per article. Quantitative findings indicate that Telegram was used with comparable frequency for both Russian and Ukrainian sources — despite the asymmetry of the conflict, with Russia as the aggressor and Ukraine as the invaded. Telegram-based content provided unique contextual insights for on-the-ground reporting, and journalists employed verification strategies such as triangulation to assess credibility. However, some quotes originated from accounts that appeared institutionally trustworthy but lacked verifiable or reliable information, echoing concerns raised by prior scholarship advocating for values-based approaches to news sourcing. This study highlights how journalists are increasingly required to navigate complex sourcing practices through controversial platforms like Telegram in a fast-paced news cycles of high-stakes war reporting expectations such as speed and accuracy.