Dynamic Changes in Microbial Communities, Physicochemical Properties, and Flavor of Kombucha Made from Fu-Brick Tea

Abstract

In this study, Fu-brick tea (FBT) was used for kombucha preparation. The succession of microbial community structures, changes in physicochemical properties, and the volatiles were investigated during the kombucha fermentation. The sequencing analysis showed that Komagataeibacter was the most predominant bacterium. Aspergillus and Zygosaccharomyces were the dominant fungi before fermentation whereas Zygosaccharomyces and Derkella were the dominant fungi after 3 days of fermentation. The physicochemical analysis revealed that acetic acid, glucuronic acid, and polyphenols increased by 10.22 g/L, 0.08 g/L, and 177.40 mg/L, respectively, by the end of fermentation. The GC-MS analysis showed that a total of 49 volatile compounds were detected during the fermentation. Moreover, there were great differences in volatile components among the kombucha samples with different fermentation times. Furthermore, the relevance among microbial community and volatile compounds was evaluated through correlation network analysis. The results suggested that Komagataeibacter, Aspergillus, Zygosaccharomyces, and Dekkera were closely related to the main volatile compounds of FBT kombucha. The results in this study may provide deep understanding for constructing the microbiota and improving the quality of FBT kombucha.