Development of ultrafine grain if steel via differential speed rolling technique

Abstract

The aim of this paper was to investigate the microstructural development and properties of interstitial free (IF) steel fabricated using the DSR (differential speed rolling) process. Severe plastic deformation of the DSR passes was imposed on the sample for up to four passes, leading to ~1.7 total strain with a speed ratio of 1:4 between the two rolls. Microstructural observation revealed that the equiaxed grain size of ~0.7 µm, including the formation of grain boundaries with a high angle of misorientation, was reached after four operations of DSR, which was attributed to the grain subdivision of severely elongated ferrite grain. Since the deformation mode of the DSR operation was dominated by severe shear deformation, the main shear texture of the bcc components appeared in all DSR operations in which the α-fiber of the {110} slip became a main component in accommodating the severe plastic deformation of the DSR process. The intensity of the shear texture, the {110} and {112} slip, increased by increasing the number of passes. Moreover, the γ-fiber of the <112>-type planes was activated as a result of the alternation of the shear direction during sample rotation. The microhardness and room temperature tensile tests revealed that the strength of the IF steel improved as the amount of strain increased, and this was attributed to the grain refinement and texture characteristics of the samples after the DSR processing.