Estudios de radiodiagnóstico durante el embarazo

Abstract

Despite the increasing use of radiologic test during pregnancy, there are still wrong perceptions about maternal and fetal risks. Here we present relevant evidence about safety and potential side effects of radiation exposure in diagnostic imaging during pregnancy. Most x-ray studies expose the fetus to doses lower than 50 mSv, that have proven to be harmless. Iodine-based contrast media may damage the developing fetuses' thyroid gland. Experience in gadolinium use is limited, thus its use is not recommended, unless the potential benefit worth its potential risk. Both ultrasound and magnetic resonance are safe to the fetus and they should be preferred over other techniques. We recommend discarding pregnancy before proceeding with any radiodiagnostic study in women of reproductive age, in order to prevent unnecessary fetal exposure to ionizing radiation. Nevertheless, when clinically justified, the x-ray study must be performed as usual, informing the patients about the potential risks and benefits.