Nursing Implications of Mindfulness-Informed Interventions for Stroke Survivors and Their Families

Abstract

The consequences of stroke can be devastating and include psychological distress, such as anxiety and depression, functional deficits, pain, and cognitive impairment. Symptoms are complex and impact not only the stroke survivor but may also be challenging for family caregivers. Studies have consistently demonstrated that mindfulness-informed interventions (MBI), such as mindfulness-based stress reduction and acceptance and self-compassion therapies, improve symptoms in a wide variety of clinical populations. However, research examining MBIs within the stroke population is in its infancy. Nurses, who have traditionally focused on holistic care delivery are in a unique position to incorporate MBIs throughout the stroke care continuum. In this topical review, we examine the literature related to the use of MBIs in stroke survivors and their family caregivers. We include a critical appraisal of existing literature, discuss nursing implications, and make recommendations for future research. Mindfulness-informed interventions are feasible and acceptable within the stroke population and may be an important complementary treatment to help stroke survivors and their families manage the consequences of stroke. We recommend further research to tailor MBI programs to the unique needs of stroke survivors and their family caregivers. In addition, nurses should consider opportunities to be trained in MBIs and incorporate these programs into their practice and research.