Mixed convection in a triangular cavity permeated with micropolar nanofluid-saturated porous medium under the impact of MHD

Abstract

This article contains numerical results for mixed convection through an isosceles triangular cavity enclosing micropolar nanofluid when a uniform magnetic field is applied along the x-axis. Heat is provided uniformly through inclined side walls of the enclosure where the bottom wall of the enclosure is cold and moves with constant speed. The finite element method has been adopted to compute the numerical simulations for a wide range of pertinent flow parameters, including Grashof number (10 4≤ Gr ≤ 10 5), Hartman number (0 ≤ Ha ≤ 60), Darcy number (10 -3≤ Da ≤ 10 -1), Prandtl numbers (0.72 ≤ Pr ≤ 6.2), viscosity parameter (0 ≤ K1≤ 10) and solid volume fraction (0 ≤ ϕ≤ 0.1). It is observed through this investigation that introducing nano-sized copper particles amplifies the conductivity of the fluid where augmentation in the strength of the magnetic field attenuates the heat transfer rate in the enclosure. Furthermore, larger values of Darcy number escalate the flow strength in the cavity, and increase in solid volume fraction increases the average Nusselt number.