Varicella gangrenosa: A rare chickenpox complication

Abstract

Varicella gangrenosa is a rare but life-threatening dermatological complication of infection with varicella-zoster virus. A healthy 37-year-old male who had been diagnosed with varicella 20 days back was admitted to our hospital with complaints of fever and painful necrotic skin lesions. Physical examination revealed multiple round to oval ulcers covered with eschar predominantly over arms, lower limbs, back of trunk and flanks. Streptococcus pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus grew in wound culture. Biopsy revealed ulceration and necrosis of epidermis, and edema, hemorrhage and granulation tissue formation involving the dermis and subcutaneous tissue. The patient was treated with acyclovir - parenteral followed by oral, antibiotics and supportive measures. The lesions healed and he was discharged after 20 days. We report this case to draw attention to the fact that varicella gangrenosum, even though a rare complication, may occur in the lesions of chicken pox and that the survival of patient depends on early diagnosis and aggressive treatment.