Phytoremediation to recover soils contaminated by heavy metals: systematic review discussion

Abstract

Soil contamination by metals is an environmental problem and phytoremediation has proven to be a technique that promises the recovery of these soils. Even so, the selection of species to be used in phytoremediation is key to obtaining promising results. Next, through a systematized literature review, 125 research published between 2016 and 2021 on the different species of accumulator plants were analyzed to reduce pollution and recover soils. At the beginning of the investigation, the consequences of soil contamination are mentioned, and phytoremediation is presented as a viable alternative to reduce it. The research analyzed was obtained from significant documentary sources such as journal articles indexed in the Scopus, Intech, IOPScience and Scielo databases due to their international relevance and high impact index. The review of the fifteen most relevant articles between 2016 and 2021 proves that this method of phytoremediation is viable and effective in the recovery of soils contaminated with heavy metals.