WSS module technology for advanced ROADM

Abstract

Wavelength selective switches (WSSs) are the key to implementing advanced reconfigurable optical add/drop multiplexing (ROADM) with colorless- directionless-contentionless (CDC) functionality, but a complex module (subsystem) requires a skillful balance combining optical, mechanical, and control design technologies. This article discusses technical issues in implementing WSS from optical, mechanical, and control perspectives.